BICS & CALP Revisited: A Critical Appraisal
نویسنده
چکیده
This paper makes an attempt to capture introductorily the notions of BICS (Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills) and CALP (Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency) introduced by Cummins. Assuming that BICS encompass rudimentary knowledge of speech and basic fluency, CALP, in contrast, evokes a high degree of cognition needed for academic subjects and tasks. In length, other aspects of the Model termed CUP/CULP (Common Underlying Proficiency) as well as the Iceberg Model connected to the above notions are discussed. Later the paper compares the Model with Language Immersion Program to bear the Model out. Then by introducing the Threshold Hypothesis as well as the Unitary Trait Hypothesis, the study tries to relate these perspectives to the concepts of BICS and CALP. Still other concepts such as intelligence and introversion/extroversion and their link with BICS and CALP are delineated, though briefly, at the final phases of the paper. At the end, some criticisms leveled at the Model are sketched, Cummins’ response is presented and some conclusions are made.
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تاریخ انتشار 2015